5 Min with...

Prof. Bob Coecke

Quantum In Pictures + Quantum Guitar + Music From Qubits

August 18, 2025

Let’s introduce Prof. Bob Coecke to our audience! Who are you? If you had to describe yourself in 1 sentence, what would you say?

I guess that I am some kind of renaissance scientist, and also artist, who has done paradigm shifting work in the foundations of quantum theory, quantum computing, quantum education, linguistics and AI, and in industrial music, and am preaching a process-based relational worldview.

What are the most

A- Fascinating research

B- Impactful research

C- Fun and whimsical research

You are leading these days?

Fascinating research: I am trying to reverse scientific thinking some 2400 years, to when during pre-Socratic times science took the path of Parmenides rather than that of Heraclitus, and did this according to Democritus’s template.  All my work is the result of looking through a process-based relational pair of glasses, so NO reductionism a la Democritus, and NO static view a la Parmenides.  One great upshot of that is that we live in a world made up of pictures.  A should write a book about this I guess.

Impactful research: I introduced Categorical Quantum Mechanics (CQM) and ZX calculus, or in their diagrammatic incarnation, Quantum Picturalism (QPict), which is a new language/formalism for quantum theory that follows the above outlined conceptual principles.  It’s widely used in quantum industry, has branched out in several other fields of science, and kids can learn it!  (see below) There’s two books: Picturing Quantum Processes and Quantum in Pictures.

Out of CQM/QPict grew Compositional Quantum AI, which provides an interpretable/explainable alternative to current black-box-AI, and likely enjoys exponential quantum advantage.

Fun and whimsical research: We have adopted CQM/QPict in a book that requires no math background.  In an experiment we have shown that thanks to it kids can outperform Oxford University postgrad students on a quantum exam.  It’s now being adopted in a number of countries in order to teach quantum at high school level.

We did a lot of quantum music stuff.  We generated the first piece of music with a quantum computer, by using our Compositional Quantum AI.  We are developing a new language for music, based on CQM/QPict, and a composition therein that turns two musicians into a Bell-pair under measurement, has meanwhile been performed in Vienna and Berlin.  In these performances I use Quantum Guitar, an instrument that I have put together and that uses a quantum computer.

Quantum in pictures…Is this how quantum should’ve been taught all along?

Of course!  And it is not just because people should learn quantum at an early age just for the sake of learning quantum, but that in the CQM/QPict format it provides an entirely new worldview which is not based on understanding things by how they are made up, but how they relate to other things.  This is much closer to how we as humans think/behave.  I believe that the world would become a better place if people start to appreciate that more, and account for that.

You built a quantum guitar?! How does it work..what makes it different?

Right!  So the idea is to “quantise” a guitar.  A guitar has strings that are like waves, and by assigning a qubit to every possible state one achieves this.  Practically, one manipulates these extra degrees of freedom, including measurements and classical-quantum transitions, with one's feet, like a drummer does.  Here’s a demo:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pr4Wr8fdsL0

Earlier, I’ve retrospectively recognised as a pioneer of industrial music:

https://www.youredm.com/2023/10/04/new-artist-spotlight-sort-of-meet-black-tish-the-pioneering-industrial-band-that-released-their-work-35-years-late/

AI…AI…AI…is AI doing anything useful in your field of quantum physics and industrial music?

It is useful in being bad, so that it gives me the opportunity to propose a radically different better AI format.  It is bad in two fundamental ways:

  • We don’t know what’s going on which makes it unreliable, and also useless in compositional environments where we need to understand the components.
  • It is not at all useful as a scientific steppingstone for better understanding the notion of intelligence in general.

Our Compositional Quantum AI fixes all of that.  

If you could design an experiment without any limitations of time or money…what would it be?

Assuming that no limitations in time means immortality, build a big planet-shaped spaceship full of crazy immortal people who agree to build up society according to Heraclitus/Leibniz views, and groove around the universe meeting up with species from other planets doing the same.  

The question at stake: how does one communicate and share representations with an alien? (assuming aliens are monolithic species, rather than some big blob)  I think that my text circuits may help here.

If you could have a superhero power. What would it be?

Farting heavenly music.

Mystery dinner party…Dead or Alive, who would be 3 guests you would invite to your dinner party?

Difficult, but let’s just say Heraclitus, and Pieter Breugel, and JS Bach.

Question to you from our previous guest Dr. Mariam Ali Almahri (Research Scientist , Khalifa University) : “What’s the one piece of feedback (positive or negative) that changed the course of your career?"

The importance of presentation: a talk is not just the content of a paper.  I ended up taking the showmanship in science quite radically, and it resulted in Quantum in Pictures, and Quantum guitar, among other things…

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